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Showing posts from November, 2023

FACTORS EFFECTING ENTREPRENEURIAL GROWTH

 Different factors that effect the growth of Entrepreneurship are: I. ECONOMIC FACTORS : 1. Non availability of capital. 2. Lack of adequate basic facilities  3. Non availability of skilled labour. 4. Non availabilityof raw materials 5. Inadequate market II.NON ECONOMIC FACTORS : a. Socio cultural factors: 1. Social attitudes  2. Cultural factors  3. Lack of legitimacy of entrepreneurship  4. Lack of social mobility. 5. Lack of security 6. Customs and traditions.  b. Psychological and sociological factors  1. Lack of high aspirations  2. Absence of risk bearing attitude  3. Deficiency in positive approach  III. GOVERNMENT ACTIONS: 1. Lack of well formulated industrial policy 2. Lack of providing basic facilities  3. Lack of supportive steps.

ENTREPRENEURIAL FUNCTIONS

 An entrepreneur has to perform a number of activities for achieving his business objectives. Some of the important functions are: 1. Identifying entrepreneurial opportunity 2. Turning ideas into action 3. Feasibility study 4. Resourcing. 5. Setting up of the enterprise  6. Managing the enterprise  7. Growth and development.  8. Risk taking 9. Decision making 10. Technology transfer and adaption 11. Innovation 12. Social responsibility  13. Experience sharing  14. Balanced economic growth. 

Dimensions of Entrepreneurship

  Entrepreneurship is a broad concept. The description of Entrepreneurship can be redefined by examining major dimensions of business practices.  1. Strategic orientation  Strategic orientation describes an entrepreneur as a person who probes, realises, and grabs any opportunity creatively, innovatively, and more favourably. 2. Commitment to opportunity  As per this concept a real entrepreneur should be a person who is capable of creating an opportunity and grab it for business purpose. 3. Commitment of resources An entrepreneur should be capable of bringing his ideas into a business venture with minimum requirement of resources at each crucial stage. 4. Resource control Control and proper utilisation of resources is as important as raising of resources.  5 . Management structure  Entrepreneurs must decide the managerial structure and managerial hierarchy  6. Reward philosophy  Reward is the essence of success of any organisation 

CLASSIFICATIONS OF ENTREPRENEUR

 Business entrepreneurs are classified into different categories on the basis of : 1.ON THE BASIS OF TYPE OF BUSINESS : a.Business entrepreneurs  b. Trading entrepreneurs  c. Industrial entrepreneurs  d. Corporate entrepreneurs  e. Agricultural entrepreneurs  2.ON THE BASIS OF MOTIVATION: a. Pure entrepreneurs  b. Induced  entrepreneurs  c. Motivated entrepreneurs  d. Spontaneous entrepreneurs  3.ON THE BASIS OF USE OF TECHNOLOGY: a. Technical entrepreneurs  b. Professional entrepreneurs  4. ON THE BASIS OF GROWTH: a. Growth entrepreneurs  b.Super growth entrepreneurs  5.ON THE BASIS OF NATURE: a. Innovating entrepreneurs  b. Imitative entrepreneurs  c. Fabians entrepreneurs  d. Drone entrepreneurs  e. Solo operators f. Active partners. g. Inventors h. Challengers i. Buyers j. Life timers or inherited entrepreneurs  k. Individual entrepreneurs and Institutional entrepreneurs  l. Tech...

WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS

 Meaning of woman entrepreneur        A woman entrepreneur is a woman who conceives a business idea, initiates a business enterprise, organises and combines necessary factors of production, operates the enterprise and undertakes risks and economic uncertainties involved in running a business enterprise.  Definition of women Entrepreneur     Women entrepreneur may be defined as " a woman or group of women who initiate, organise and run a business enterprise ". OUTSTANDING LEADERSHIP QUALITIES OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS 1.FACING CHALLENGES 2.OPTIMISM 3.ACQUISITION OF NEW KNOWLEDGE  4.PREPAREDNESS TO WORK HARD 5.WITHSTANDING UNCERTAINTY  6.PATIENCE 7.ADMINISTRATIVE CAPACITY 8.INTELLIGENCE PROBLEMS OF WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS OF INDIA 1. Shortage of finance 2.Scarcity of raw materials 3.severe Competition  4.Limited liability  5.Family responsibilities 6.Lack of education  7. Domination of males in the society  8.Low risk bea...

SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR

  CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR  1.Willingness to work hard 2.Desire for high achievement  3.Stubborn optimism 4.Independence 5.Clear foresight 6.Organising capacity 7.Innovative skill QUALITIES OR TRAITS OF A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR  1. Capacity to assume risk 2.Techical knowledge and willingness to adopt changes 3.Ability to mobilise resources  4.Ability to organise and administer. 5.Mental ability 6.Clear cut objectives  7.Capacity to Guard Business Secrets 8.Capacity to interact with people 9.Effective Communication. 10.Self confidence 11.Motivator 12.Decision maker 13.Watching for opportunities  14.Persistence 15.Quality conscious. 16.Efficient monitoring  17.Concern for employees  SKILLS OF A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR  1 . Creative thinking  2.Leadership 3.Risk taking 4.Strong work ethic 5.Comfort with change and chaos 6. Communication 

PRICING OF ISSUE OF MATERIAL

   Pricing of issue of materials      By pricing the materials issue , we mean fixing the price at which materials are issued from the stores to the production centres.   The important methods are: 1.FIFO Method:( First in First out)    The materials are issued in the order in which they are received in the stores.This method is suitable when prices show a falling trend. 2. LIFO Method:(Last in First Out)      Under this method the materials received last are issued first. 3. Simple Average Method:   Under this method, Issue price is calculated by dividing the total of the prices of different lots of materials in the stock, by the number of prices involved in the calculation.  4. Weighted Average method:       Weighted Average price is a price which is calculated by dividing the total cost of materials in stock by the total quantity of materials in that stock.

SYSTEMS OF WAGE PAYMENT

     Systems of wage payment                Wages are the remunerations for labour which are paid as return for the efforts that the workers put in. Systems or methods of labour remuneration may be classified into : I TIME RATE SYSTEMS:      It is a system of wage payment under which workers are paid on the basis of time spent on jobs, irrespective of the volume of output. Methods of Time RATE System a. Time rate at ordinary levels. b.Higher Time rate at higher efficiency level . c.Differntial Time rate. II.PIECE RATE SYSTEMS:       It is a system of wage payment under which wages are paid on the basis of volume of output, regardless of time taken by workers.  Methods of piece rate systems a. Straight piece rate system  b.Piece rate with guaranteed time rate.  c.Differntial piece rates.    It further consists of various schemes like 1. Taylor's Differential piece Rate 2.Merricks...

Deepawali- Historic Term

    Deepawali         Deepawali is celebrated as a victory of wisdom over darkness.If we Research the term deepawali we can understand that the term Research is not a new term , it is derived from Indian word Deepawali. If we decode or analyse the term we can understand that the two words Deepam +Awali represents series of light of knowledge i.e, Search for knowledge.Deepam means light of knowledge and Aawali means series.Therefore Deepawali means illuminating light of knowledge in people's  darkness of Mind. Deepawali shows the path of light of wisdom and knowledge and removes the darkness of Mind and soul. 

STORES/INVENTORY CONTROL

       STORE                Store is a place where the various items of materials are kept safely till they are issued to production.  STORES CONTROL       Stores control is the control of the materials by eliminating all wastages in storing. STORE KEEPER OR STORES MANAGER           A Store Keeper or stores manager is an executive of the organisation who is entrusted with the duty of proper upkeep of different stores items. Duties and responsibilities or functions of the store Keeper or stores manager 1.Receiving of materials  2.Classifying the materials  3.Finding a place for each item. 4.Fixation of stock levels. 5.Maintain store record. 6.Issue of materials. 7.Issuing purchase requisition. TYPES OF STORES      Generally there are 3 types of stores. I.CENTRALISED STORES        Centralised store is a store located at a central place where...

PURCHASE PROCEDURE/STEPS IN PURCHASING

 COMMON STEPS FOLLOWED IN PURCHASING MATERIALS  1. Receiving purchase requisition       A purchase requisition is a formal request received by the purchasing department from the stores department or production department to purchase a particular material. 2. Selecting suppliers    Suppliers are selected from list of suppliers maintained, if list is not maintained a tender is issued for submitting quotations for the items to be purchased.  3. Placing purchase order        A purchase order is a formal order prepared and sent by the purchasing department to the supplier as per the specifications fixed. 4. Receiving the materials          Receiving department receives materials and enters all details in the Goods Received Note.GRN is a statement prepared usually by the goods Receiving department showing details of goods received by it. 5.Inspecting the materials.         Inspection ...